老台式机装debian当服务器用

用户权限 sudo usermod -aG sudo username, 需要logout后重登，但是个人试验时重启才生效
sshd apt install openssh-server
settings -> power -> power saving -> Automatic Suspend 关闭
ssh-keygen

vnc 或 rdp 配置

debian 13 默认用的 gnome + wayland，折腾了 tigervnc xfce4 gnome-remote-desktop 还有内置的设置，都不行。不弄了，反正基本用不上界面，命令行足够

emacs

emacs --daemon
emacsclient

最小配置：

(custom-set-variables
 ;; custom-set-variables was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 '(custom-enabled-themes '(tango-dark))
 '(make-backup-files nil)
 '(menu-bar-mode nil)
 '(scroll-bar-mode nil)
 '(tool-bar-mode nil)
 '(visible-bell t)
 '(which-key-mode t))
(custom-set-faces
 ;; custom-set-faces was added by Custom.
 ;; If you edit it by hand, you could mess it up, so be careful.
 ;; Your init file should contain only one such instance.
 ;; If there is more than one, they won't work right.
 )

(setq indent-tabs-mode nil)
(setq tab-width 4)
(global-set-key (kbd "M-o") 'other-window)

(require 'package)
(add-to-list 'package-archives '("melpa" . "https://melpa.org/packages/") t)
(package-initialize)

(use-package markdown-mode
  :ensure t)

(use-package magit
  :ensure t)

(use-package company
  :ensure t
  :init
  (global-company-mode 1))

(use-package which-key)

(use-package counsel
  :ensure t
  :bind
  (("C-s" . swiper-isearch)
   ("M-x" . counsel-M-x)
   ("C-x C-f" . counsel-find-file)
   ("C-x b" . ivy-switch-buffer)))

磁盘

系统装在固态里，挂另外一个机械

lsblk -f # 找磁盘号 ${disk}
# fdisk /dev/sdb # 分区，可能不需要
sudo mkfs.ext4 /dev/${disk} # debian 有些命令在 /usr/sbin/ 里，就算是 root 不用 sudo 也看不见，有点怪
mkdir /mnt/hdd
mount /dev/${disk} /mnt/hdd

sudo blkid /dev/${disk} # 找 ${uuid}
echo "UUID=${uuid}  /mnt/hdd  ext4  defaults  0  2" >> /etc/fstab

nvidia

debian官方文档

查看显卡 lspci -nn | egrep -i "3d|display|vga"
apt install nvidia-detect

Detected NVIDIA GPUs:
01:00.0 VGA compatible controller [0300]: NVIDIA Corporation GP102 [GeForce GTX 1080 Ti] [10de:1b06] (rev a1)

Checking card:  NVIDIA Corporation GP102 [GeForce GTX 1080 Ti] (rev a1)
Your card is supported by all driver versions.
Your card is also supported by the Tesla 535 drivers series.
It is recommended to install the
	nvidia-driver
package.

根据上一条结果，在 Debian 13 “Trixie” 下选择 Version 550.163.01
必须先安装这个 apt install linux-headers-$(dpkg --print-architecture)
修改 /etc/apt/sources.list，添加 contrib、non-free、non-free-firmware，例如

deb http://ftp.hk.debian.org/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://ftp.hk.debian.org/debian/ trixie main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://security.debian.org/debian-security trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://security.debian.org/debian-security trixie-security main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

deb http://ftp.hk.debian.org/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware
deb-src http://ftp.hk.debian.org/debian/ trixie-updates main contrib non-free non-free-firmware

关闭secureboot或者enroll
apt install nvidia-open-kernel-dkms nvidia-driver firmware-misc-nonfree
检查是否安装成功 sudo dkms status

wayland

echo 'GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX="$GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX nvidia-drm.modeset=1 nvidia-drm.fbdev=1"' > /etc/default/grub.d/nvidia-modeset.cfg
sudo update-grub
sudo apt install nvidia-suspend-common # 应该已经安完了
systemctl enable nvidia-suspend.service
systemctl enable nvidia-hibernate.service
systemctl enable nvidia-resume.service
cat /proc/driver/nvidia/params | grep PreserveVideoMemoryAllocations # 需要保证是1
# 如果不是1
echo 'options nvidia NVreg_PreserveVideoMemoryAllocations=1' > /etc/modprobe.d/nvidia-power-management.conf
# apt install nvidia-cuda-dev nvidia-cuda-toolkit # cuda

vnc 或 rdp 配置#

emacs#

磁盘#

nvidia#

wayland#

vnc 或 rdp 配置

emacs

磁盘

nvidia

wayland